be out of one's mind
英 /bi aʊt əv wʌnz maɪnd/美 /bi aʊt əv wʌnz maɪnd/
phr. 短语动词
发疯;失去理智;神志不清;极度焦虑
用法示例
- Are you out of your mind? You're going to drive across the country in one day?你疯了吗?你要一天之内开车穿越全国?
- She was out of her mind with worry when her son didn't come home.儿子没回家,她担心得要命。
- The crowd went out of their minds when the band came on stage.乐队登台时,人群欣喜若狂。
- I must have been out of my mind to lend him all that money.我把那么多钱借给他,一定是疯了。
- He's been out of his mind ever since the accident.自从那次事故后,他一直神志不清。
含义详解
这个短语的核心含义是“失去理智”或“精神错乱”,本义是“不在自己的心智中”,即脱离正常的精神状态。引申义包括:1)行为疯狂或荒谬,如“You must be out of your mind!”(你一定是疯了!);2)极度焦虑或担忧,如“She was out of her mind with worry.”(她担心得要命);3)非常兴奋或激动,如“The fans were out of their minds with joy.”(粉丝们欣喜若狂)。从本义到引申义,都是从“心智不在正常状态”这一概念出发,衍生出各种极端情绪或行为。
词源解析
(无把握,省略)
适用语境
这个短语主要用于日常口语和文学作品中,较少用于正式学术或商务写作。在口语中,常用来表达强烈的否定或惊讶,例如“Are you out of your mind?”(你疯了吗?),语气直接且强烈。在新闻报道中,可能会引用当事人的话,但记者本身会避免使用。在文学作品里,可以描述人物的心理状态,比如“He was out of his mind with grief.”(他悲痛欲绝)。在非正式场合,也可能带有幽默或夸张色彩,例如“I must have been out of my mind to agree to this.”(我一定是疯了才会同意这件事)。
用法须知
这个短语是系表结构,be动词后接介词短语“out of one's mind”,其中“one's”需根据主语进行相应变化,如“my”、“your”、“his”等。常见句型有:主语 + be + out of + 物主代词 + mind,例如“He is out of his mind.”;也可用于进行时,如“She is going out of her mind.”。注意“mind”通常用单数,且物主代词不可省略。易错点:误用为“out of mind”而忘记物主代词,或将“mind”误为复数。
相似词辨析
与“be out of one's mind”意思相近的有“be crazy”、“be insane”、“be mad”等。区别在于:“be crazy”更口语化,有时带褒义,如“crazy about something”;“be insane”更正式,常用于法律或医学语境;“be mad”在英式英语中常用,但美式英语中多指“生气”。此外,“lose one's mind”强调逐渐失去理智的过程,而“be out of one's mind”更强调一种状态。在表达极度担忧时,可用“be worried sick”,但不如“out of one's mind with worry”强烈。
常见误区
这个短语属于非正式语域,带有强烈的感情色彩,通常用于负面或极端的情绪表达。在正式场合或书面语中应避免使用,以免显得不够严谨。它带有贬义,指代精神失常时可能冒犯他人,因此对真正有精神疾病的人使用不当。常见误用包括:混淆“out of one's mind”和“out of mind”(后者意为“遗忘”),以及将“mind”误用为复数。此外,注意区分“out of one's mind”和“out of one's head”等类似表达,后者更口语化。
常见搭配
- be out of one's mind with worry
- be out of one's mind with joy
- go out of one's mind
- drive someone out of their mind
- think someone is out of their mind
- be out of one's mind on drugs