do one's utmost

英 /duː wʌnz ˈʌtməʊst/美 /duː wʌnz ˈʌtmoʊst/

v. 短语动词

尽最大努力;竭尽全力

用法示例

  1. She did her utmost to ensure the event ran smoothly.她尽最大努力确保活动顺利进行。
  2. The team did its utmost to meet the project deadline.团队竭尽全力赶上项目截止日期。
  3. We will do our utmost to provide the best service.我们将尽最大努力提供最好的服务。
  4. He did his utmost in the negotiation, but the deal fell through.他在谈判中竭尽全力,但交易还是失败了。
  5. The doctors did their utmost to save the patient's life.医生们竭尽全力挽救病人的生命。
  6. In the exam, you should do your utmost to answer all questions.在考试中,你应该尽最大努力回答所有问题。

含义详解

该短语的核心含义是“尽最大努力”,强调在能力范围内投入全部精力去完成某事。其本义源自“utmost”一词,意为“极限、最大限度”,因此“do one's utmost”字面意思为“做到自己的极限”。引申义包括:1)在困难或挑战面前不遗余力,如“We did our utmost to finish the project on time.”;2)在道德或责任层面,表示尽到最大义务,如“He did his utmost to help the refugees.”;3)在竞争或比较中,强调超越平常表现,如“She did her utmost to win the race.”。各义项都围绕“竭尽全力”这一核心,区别仅在于语境和强度。

词源解析

“utmost”源自古英语“ūtemest”,意为“最外面的”,由“ūt”(out)加最高级后缀“-mest”构成,后演变为“最远的、极度的”。该词在14世纪起用作名词,表示“极限”。短语“do one's utmost”最早见于19世纪,强调个人能力的上限。记忆时,可拆解为“ut”(out)+“most”(最),即“到最外面”,引申为“到极限”。注意“utmost”与“uttermost”同义,但“utmost”更常用。

适用语境

该短语常用于正式或半正式场合,如学术写作、商务报告、新闻报道和法律文本,表达认真负责的态度。在学术写作中,通常用于说明研究过程中投入的努力,如“The researchers did their utmost to ensure data accuracy.”;在商务邮件中,用于承诺或请求,如“We will do our utmost to meet the deadline.”;在新闻报道中,用于描述事件中人物的努力,如“The rescue team did their utmost to save the trapped miners.”;在日常口语中较少使用,但也可用于强调,如“I did my utmost to convince him.”。语气上偏正式,比“try one's best”更庄重。

用法须知

该短语为动词短语,通常用作不及物动词,后面接不定式或介词短语。常见句型为“do one's utmost to do sth.”,其中“one's”需根据主语变化(如my, your, his, her, our, their)。也可接“in + 名词”,如“do one's utmost in the effort”。易错点:1)不要遗漏“one's”,如“do utmost”是错误的;2)“utmost”不可数,无复数形式;3)该短语不用于进行时态,如“He is doing his utmost”虽可接受,但更常见于一般现在或过去时。

相似词辨析

与“do one's best”相比,“do one's utmost”语气更强,强调极限努力,而“do one's best”较为日常。与“spare no effort”相比,后者更强调不惜代价,常带夸张色彩。与“go all out”相比,后者更口语化,且常含冒险或激进意味。与“strive”相比,“strive”是动词,强调持续奋斗,而“do one's utmost”是瞬间动作。选择时,若需正式庄重,用“utmost”;若日常交流,用“best”;若强调不惜一切,用“spare no effort”。

常见误区

该短语语域偏正式,用于正式或书面语,日常口语中较少使用,否则会显得刻意。褒义色彩浓厚,通常用于正面评价。常见误用:1)将“utmost”误拼为“utmost”以外的形式,如“utternmost”;2)在“utmost”前加“the”,如“do the utmost”,但正确用法是“do one's utmost”;3)误以为“utmost”是动词,实际它是名词或形容词。另外,在否定句中较少使用,如“He didn't do his utmost”不自然,通常用“He didn't try his best”。

常见搭配

  • do one's utmost to do something
  • do one's utmost for someone/something
  • do one's utmost in (a task)
  • with utmost effort
  • utmost importance
  • utmost care
  • utmost respect