make a breakthrough

用法示例

1. Scientists have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.科学家们在阿尔茨海默病的治疗上取得了重大突破。
2. After months of negotiations, the two countries finally made a breakthrough in their trade talks.经过数月的谈判，两国终于在贸易谈判中取得了突破。
3. She made a breakthrough in her career when she landed the lead role in the film.当她获得电影主角时，她的职业生涯取得了突破。
4. The team made a breakthrough in developing a new battery technology.该团队在开发新电池技术上取得了突破。
5. We need to make a breakthrough in our understanding of the human brain.我们需要在理解人脑方面取得突破。

含义详解

本义指在军事上突破敌方防线，如“make a breakthrough in the enemy's defense”。引申义为在科学、技术、医学、商业等领域取得关键性进展，如“make a breakthrough in cancer research”。再引申为个人生活、学习、事业中的重大进步，如“make a breakthrough in one's career”。义项间由具体到抽象，由军事到一般领域。

词源解析

breakthrough由break（打破）和through（通过）合成，最早出现于1918年，用于军事语境，指突破防线。其动词形式make a breakthrough是后起的，强调“取得”这一动作。记忆时可联想“打破障碍，穿过困境”，即突破。

适用语境

学术写作中常指科研突破，语气正式严谨，如“Researchers made a breakthrough in quantum computing.”。商务邮件中用于描述项目重大进展，语气专业，如“We have made a breakthrough in our negotiations.”。新闻报道中用于科技、医学等重大发现，语气客观，如“Scientists make a breakthrough in vaccine development.”。日常口语中较少用，但也可用于个人进步，语气较随意，如“I finally made a breakthrough in my diet.”。法律文本中罕见。

用法须知

make a breakthrough为及物动词短语，后接介词in表示领域，如“make a breakthrough in cancer research”。也可接for表示对象，如“make a breakthrough for women's rights”。常见句型为“主语+make a breakthrough+in/for+名词”。易错点：breakthrough作名词，可数，复数为breakthroughs；不要将其误用为动词，如“breakthrough”本身是名词，不能说“breakthrough a problem”，而应说“make a breakthrough in a problem”。

相似词辨析

与“make progress”相比，后者强调持续进步，程度较轻，如“make steady progress”；breakthrough强调突破性进展，程度重大。与“make a discovery”相比，discovery指发现新事物，breakthrough指突破障碍。与“make an advancement”相比，advancement更正式，但breakthrough更侧重关键性。与“achieve a milestone”相比，milestone是里程碑，强调阶段性成果，breakthrough更强调突破。

常见误区

语域偏正式，适用于学术、新闻、商务等场合，日常口语中较少使用。褒义词，表示积极进展。常见误用：将breakthrough误作动词，如“breakthrough a barrier”；或过度使用，导致夸大，如用于描述小事。注意搭配介词in，而非of。

常见搭配

• make a major breakthrough
• make a significant breakthrough
• make a breakthrough in
• make a breakthrough for
• make a historic breakthrough
• make a scientific breakthrough
• make a technological breakthrough