do one's homework

用法示例

1. I need to do my homework before I can watch TV.我得先做完作业才能看电视。
2. The team did their homework and presented a solid proposal.团队做了充分准备，提出了可靠的方案。
3. Did you do your homework on the company's financials?你对这家公司的财务状况做过调研吗？
4. She always does her homework before buying stocks.她买股票前总是做足功课。
5. He didn't do his homework for the presentation, so it was a disaster.他演讲前没做准备，结果很糟糕。

含义详解

本义指学生完成老师布置的家庭作业，如“I did my homework before dinner.”。引申义指为某事做充分准备，如会议、谈判、旅行前的调研或计划，强调事先的投入。从具体到抽象，从学习任务扩展到工作、生活场景。

词源解析

“homework”由“home”（家）和“work”（工作）复合而成，最初指在家完成的学业任务。短语“do one's homework”字面即“做某人的家庭作业”，引申为“做必要准备”。记忆时可联想学生写作业的场景，再扩展至“做足功课”的抽象含义。

适用语境

日常口语中常用本义，如家长问孩子“Did you do your homework?”；在职场或学术语境中常用引申义，表示“事先调研”，如“She had done her homework on the client before the meeting.”。新闻报道中也可能出现，形容某人准备充分。语气中性，具体含义取决于上下文。

用法须知

“do”是及物动词，“one's”需根据主语变化（my, your, his, her, etc.）。句型为“do + 所有格 + homework”。常见于完成时态，如“have done one's homework”。易错点：误用“make”代替“do”；忘记所有格与主语一致。

相似词辨析

与“prepare”相比，“do one's homework”更具体，强调预先研究；“prepare”泛指准备。与“study”相比，study侧重学习过程，而homework强调任务本身。“get ready”更口语化，不特指调研。在需要强调事先了解情况时，用“do one's homework”更贴切。

常见误区

该短语语域中性，正式和非正式场合均可使用。无褒贬色彩，但若用于批评他人未准备，则有负面含义，如“He didn't do his homework for the interview.”。常见误用是将“homework”误为不可数名词，实际不可数，但“one's homework”中所有格不可省略。

常见搭配

• do one's homework
• do the homework
• finish one's homework
• hand in homework
• homework assignment
• do one's research
• prepare thoroughly
• study beforehand