scrape through

英 /skreɪp θruː/美 /skreɪp θruː/

v. 动词(短语)

勉强通过;艰难完成;侥幸成功

用法示例

  1. She scraped through the final exam with a score of 61.她以61分的成绩勉强通过了期末考试。
  2. The government's bill scraped through parliament by just three votes.政府的法案仅以三票之差勉强在议会通过。
  3. Despite the financial crisis, the company managed to scrape through the year.尽管金融危机,公司还是设法艰难地度过了这一年。
  4. He scraped through the interview, but his performance was far from impressive.他勉强通过了面试,但表现远非出色。
  5. We scraped through the storm, but the boat was badly damaged.我们勉强挺过了暴风雨,但船严重受损。

含义详解

本义指“刮擦穿过”,如物体贴着表面擦过,引申为“勉强通过”。常见于考试、比赛、选举等需要达到最低标准的场合,强调成功带有侥幸或惊险成分。例如:He scraped through the exam. 表示他勉强及格,分数很低。进一步引申为“艰难完成某项任务”,如项目在资源不足的情况下勉强交付。核心在于“刚过线”或“险胜”,而非轻松达成。

词源解析

“scrape”源自古诺尔斯语“skrapa”,意为“刮、擦”;“through”源自古英语“thurh”,意为“通过”。组合后形成“scrape through”,字面即“刮着擦过去”,形象地描绘出勉强通过的状态。记忆时可联想:物体紧贴边界擦过,差一点就过不去。

适用语境

多用于非正式或中性语境,如日常口语、新闻报道、学术写作中描述考试结果或选举险胜。在口语中,语气轻松,略带庆幸或自嘲;在新闻报道中,客观描述事实;在学术写作中,可用于分析历史事件或政策,如“The bill scraped through parliament.”。商务邮件中较少使用,正式场合可换用“barely pass”或“narrowly succeed”。

用法须知

“scrape through”可作及物或不及物动词短语。作不及物时,后接名词或代词,如“scrape through an exam”;作及物时,直接接宾语,如“scrape through the window”。常见句型有“scrape through + 名词”和“scrape through + 动名词(较少)”。易错点:不要与“scrape by”混淆,后者强调勉强维持生计,而非通过考试。

相似词辨析

与“barely pass”相比,“scrape through”更口语化,且强调“擦边”的惊险感;“narrowly succeed”更正式,常用于描述选举或法案;“squeak by”与“scrape by”类似,侧重勉强度过困境或险胜,但“squeak”更形象。选择时,若强调考试及格,用“scrape through”;若强调险胜,用“narrowly succeed”;若强调生存,用“scrape by”。

常见误区

“scrape through”语域偏口语,正式写作中慎用。褒贬色彩中性,但隐含“侥幸”意味,可能带有轻微贬义。常见误用:与“scrape together”(勉强凑集)混淆;或误用于轻松成功的场合,如“He scraped through the test with a high score.”(错,高分不算“scrape”)。

常见搭配

  • scrape through an exam
  • scrape through a test
  • scrape through parliament
  • scrape through the winter
  • scrape through by a narrow margin
  • scrape through the crisis
  • scrape through the first round