in that case

英 /ɪn ðæt keɪs/美 /ɪn ðæt keɪs/

短语 (phrase)

既然那样;如果那样的话;在那种情况下

用法示例

  1. If you have already finished your homework, in that case, you may go out to play.如果你已经完成作业,那样的话,你可以出去玩。
  2. He didn't show up for the meeting. In that case, we should reschedule.他没有出席会议。既然如此,我们应该重新安排时间。
  3. The weather forecast predicts heavy rain. In that case, the outdoor event will be moved indoors.天气预报预测有大雨。如果那样的话,户外活动将移至室内。
  4. You claim you are innocent. In that case, why did you run away?你声称自己无辜。既然那样,你为什么逃跑?
  5. The manager approved the budget. In that case, we can start hiring new staff.经理批准了预算。既然那样,我们可以开始招聘新员工了。

含义详解

本义指“在那种情况或条件下”,强调基于前文提及的特定情境。引申义有两种:一是表示“如果那样的话”,用于提出假设条件下的结果,如“If you are busy, in that case, I'll go alone.”;二是表示“既然那样”,用于对已陈述事实的回应,带有逻辑推理的意味,如“He refused to help; in that case, we must do it ourselves.”。从具体空间或时间上的“在那种情况”抽象为逻辑上的“既然如此”,体现了从具体到抽象的引申。

词源解析

该短语由介词“in”、指示代词“that”和名词“case”组成。“case”源自拉丁语“casus”,意为“事件、情况”,后经古法语进入英语。整体结构为“in + that + case”,表示“在那个情况中”。记忆时可拆解为“in”(在……中) + “that”(那) + “case”(情况),即“在那种情况中”,自然引申为“既然那样”。

适用语境

该短语广泛用于口语和书面语,语气中性。在日常对话中,用于回应对方的话,提出相应建议或决定,如“A: I'm tired. B: In that case, let's rest.”。在商务邮件中,用于基于对方提供的信息做出决策,如“The client rejected the proposal. In that case, we need to revise it.”。在学术写作中,用于逻辑推理,如“The data is insufficient; in that case, further research is required.”。在新闻报道中,用于总结前因后果,如“The company failed to meet safety standards; in that case, it was fined.”。不同场景下,语气从随意到正式,但核心逻辑一致。

用法须知

该短语作为连词性短语,通常位于句首,后接完整句子,用逗号隔开。也可位于句中,但较少见。它不改变句子结构,仅起逻辑连接作用。易错点在于与“in that”(因为)混淆,“in that”表示原因,而“in that case”表示条件或结果。例如:“He succeeded in that he worked hard.”(因为他努力,所以他成功了)与“He worked hard; in that case, he will succeed.”(他努力了,既然那样,他会成功)。

相似词辨析

与“if so”意义相近,但“if so”更正式,常用于书面语,而“in that case”更口语化。“if so”直接对应“如果如此”,而“in that case”更强调“在那种情况下”,有时带有“既然这样,那么……”的推论意味。与“then”相比,后者更简洁,但“in that case”更明确地指代前文情况。例如:“Are you free? If so, let's meet.”(正式)与“Are you free? In that case, let's meet.”(更自然)。在需要明确指代前文时,用“in that case”更清晰。

常见误区

该短语为中性表达,无褒贬色彩,适用于大多数语域,从非正式对话到正式写作均可。常见误用包括:与“in case”混淆,后者意为“以防万一”,如“Take an umbrella in case it rains.”;与“in that”混淆,如上所述。此外,使用时需确保前文有明确的情况,否则指代不明。

常见搭配

  • in that case, let's...
  • in that case, I will...
  • in that case, we should...
  • if... in that case...
  • well, in that case...
  • in that case, why...