in that case
英 /ɪn ðæt keɪs/美 /ɪn ðæt keɪs/
短语 (phrase)
既然那样;如果那样的话;在那种情况下
用法示例
- If you have already finished your homework, in that case, you may go out to play.如果你已经完成作业,那样的话,你可以出去玩。
- He didn't show up for the meeting. In that case, we should reschedule.他没有出席会议。既然如此,我们应该重新安排时间。
- The weather forecast predicts heavy rain. In that case, the outdoor event will be moved indoors.天气预报预测有大雨。如果那样的话,户外活动将移至室内。
- You claim you are innocent. In that case, why did you run away?你声称自己无辜。既然那样,你为什么逃跑?
- The manager approved the budget. In that case, we can start hiring new staff.经理批准了预算。既然那样,我们可以开始招聘新员工了。
含义详解
本义指“在那种情况或条件下”,强调基于前文提及的特定情境。引申义有两种:一是表示“如果那样的话”,用于提出假设条件下的结果,如“If you are busy, in that case, I'll go alone.”;二是表示“既然那样”,用于对已陈述事实的回应,带有逻辑推理的意味,如“He refused to help; in that case, we must do it ourselves.”。从具体空间或时间上的“在那种情况”抽象为逻辑上的“既然如此”,体现了从具体到抽象的引申。
词源解析
该短语由介词“in”、指示代词“that”和名词“case”组成。“case”源自拉丁语“casus”,意为“事件、情况”,后经古法语进入英语。整体结构为“in + that + case”,表示“在那个情况中”。记忆时可拆解为“in”(在……中) + “that”(那) + “case”(情况),即“在那种情况中”,自然引申为“既然那样”。
适用语境
该短语广泛用于口语和书面语,语气中性。在日常对话中,用于回应对方的话,提出相应建议或决定,如“A: I'm tired. B: In that case, let's rest.”。在商务邮件中,用于基于对方提供的信息做出决策,如“The client rejected the proposal. In that case, we need to revise it.”。在学术写作中,用于逻辑推理,如“The data is insufficient; in that case, further research is required.”。在新闻报道中,用于总结前因后果,如“The company failed to meet safety standards; in that case, it was fined.”。不同场景下,语气从随意到正式,但核心逻辑一致。
用法须知
该短语作为连词性短语,通常位于句首,后接完整句子,用逗号隔开。也可位于句中,但较少见。它不改变句子结构,仅起逻辑连接作用。易错点在于与“in that”(因为)混淆,“in that”表示原因,而“in that case”表示条件或结果。例如:“He succeeded in that he worked hard.”(因为他努力,所以他成功了)与“He worked hard; in that case, he will succeed.”(他努力了,既然那样,他会成功)。
相似词辨析
与“if so”意义相近,但“if so”更正式,常用于书面语,而“in that case”更口语化。“if so”直接对应“如果如此”,而“in that case”更强调“在那种情况下”,有时带有“既然这样,那么……”的推论意味。与“then”相比,后者更简洁,但“in that case”更明确地指代前文情况。例如:“Are you free? If so, let's meet.”(正式)与“Are you free? In that case, let's meet.”(更自然)。在需要明确指代前文时,用“in that case”更清晰。
常见误区
该短语为中性表达,无褒贬色彩,适用于大多数语域,从非正式对话到正式写作均可。常见误用包括:与“in case”混淆,后者意为“以防万一”,如“Take an umbrella in case it rains.”;与“in that”混淆,如上所述。此外,使用时需确保前文有明确的情况,否则指代不明。
常见搭配
- in that case, let's...
- in that case, I will...
- in that case, we should...
- if... in that case...
- well, in that case...
- in that case, why...